History of Neuroscience

<see whole timeline
Between 130 and 200
  –  

Galen

Most influential Roman physician and anatomist.

  • Believed in deriving facts from experimental evidence
  • Performed public dissection on a wide range of animals (dissections on humans were not allowed in Roman Empire)
  • Thought the mind is located in the brain, not the ventricles
  • Also thought the cerebrum is soft since sensation requires softer nerves; in contrast the hard cerebellum encoded motor funtions

Galen's Physiology

Three primary systems in the body, each controlled by a "pneuma" or spirit:

  1. Natural Spirit (liver and veins) - nutrition and growth
  2. Vital Spirit (heart) - energy for living
  3. Animal Spirit (brain) - responsible for the soul, especifically the rete mirabile
  • Animal spirits were then stored in ventricles.

Popularized the idea that intellect consists of:

  • Imagination
  • Cognition
  • Memory